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當公法遇上私法 Ⅱ:雲端上之智慧財產權

當公法遇上私法 Ⅱ:雲端上之智慧財產權

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內容簡介

  本書係台灣智慧財產法院熊誦梅法官當公法遇上私法論文集系列叢書之第二本,為作者於審判工作之外的辦案及研究心得,包括對智慧財產訴訟制度改革的期許與建議,以及對著作權及專利權相關議題的討論。此書對於有志於智慧財產法包括實體法律規定及訴訟制度研究有興趣之讀者,提供深入瞭解智慧財產權之本質,及台灣應有之智慧財產訴訟制度之參考。
 

作者介紹

作者簡介

熊誦梅


  現 職
  台灣智慧財產法院法官

  學 歷
  美國柏克萊加州大學法學碩士、博士
  台灣大學法學學士、碩士

  經 歷
  台灣台北地法方法院法官
  司法院行政訴訟及懲戒廳調辦事(研究)法官
  司法院行政訴訟制度研究修正委員會研究員
  法官學院及司法官學院智慧財產案例課程講座
  美國聯邦巡迴上訴法院訪問法官
  智慧財產權法兼任教授
  法令月刊編審委員
 

目錄

推薦序/謝銘洋
Recommendation/Robert P. Merges
自序──雲端上之智慧財產權

著作權法與創意保護?──安妮法案300週年有感/1

尋找台灣的Sean Parker/5

我是犯罪集團的一份子──我看我是歌手/13

變調的涼山情歌──解開衍生著作的緊箍咒
 壹、前情提要/17
 貳、涼山情歌案之事實及理由/22
 參、涼山情歌案之評釋/27
 肆、代結語──絃外之音/38

從藥品仿單談著作權之保護界線及行政法對民刑法之規範效應──評學名藥藥品仿單之相關法院裁判及檢察實務
 壹、問題之提出/43
 貳、相關實務見解/46
 參、本文之見解/59
 肆、結 論/63

不當行使專利權之法律效果及救濟途徑──從美國法上之專利地痞、專利濫用及智慧財產授權準則談起
 壹、前 言/65
 貳、誰是專利地痞?/68
 參、何謂專利濫用?/73
 肆、智慧財產契約與競爭法制/77
 伍、結 語/84

眾裡尋他千百度:談所屬技術領域中之通常知識者──從最高行政法院九十八年度判字第一二七七號判決談起
 壹、事實概要/87
 貳、判決理由/89
 參、判決評析/92
 肆、結語──燈火闌珊處?雲深不知處?/109

從瑞士聯邦專利法院之成立看國際專利司法競爭
 壹、緣 起/113
 貳、瑞士專利訴訟制度的改革/114
 參、新制的特色/115
 肆、結 語/117

美國法上手段功能用語之最新發展
 壹、美國專利法第112條第6項之立法沿革及其規範內容/119
 貳、美國專利實務對手段功能用語之最新見解/123
 參、我國專利實務對手段功能用語應有之認識/127

分久必合,合久必分──台灣智慧財產訴訟新制之檢討與展望
 壹、前 言/131
 貳、台灣智慧財產法院之特色及其所面臨之挑戰/134
 參、結 論/151

Metamorphous “Liang Shan Love Song”──A Case Study on the Protection of Cultural Properties of Indigenous Peoples in Taiwan
 A.Introduction/153
 B.The Case of “Liang Shan Love Song”/156
 C.The Protection Act for the Traditional Intellectual Creations of Indigenous Peoples/165
 D.Conclusions/170
 

推薦序

  很高興知道熊誦梅法官又要出書了!幾年前她出版了《當公法遇上私法Ⅰ:台灣智慧財產訴訟制度之今昔》,發表她十餘年來的辦案和研究心得,對於智慧財產法院成立前後的重要議題,以及台灣智慧財產訴訟制度之變革加以論述,頗受好評。如今再接再厲出版論文集,將其近年來的研究成果集結成書,必然也將會在智慧財產領域引起重大的迴響。

  個人認識熊法官已經超過二十年,她是臺大法律系畢業的優秀校友,除了在臺大完成學士和碩士學位外,更前往美國柏克萊加州大學獲得法學碩士與JSD法學博士學位,是少數法官中具有美國法學博士者。而在長達二十餘年的法官生涯中,她除了歷任臺北地方法院法官和司法院調院辦事法官外,在智慧財產法院任職期間最長,可以說是在智慧財產法院資歷最深、經驗最豐富的法官之一。任職期間,熊法官以其深厚的學理基礎,寫出許多深具影響力的重要判決,這些判決經常在實務界與學術界被引用,對我國智慧財產法的實踐與發展有卓著的貢獻!

  本書蒐集熊法官近年來發表的著述,領域集中在著作權法與專利法,以及智慧財產法院制度面的議題,包含我國、美國與歐洲不同的觀察面向,並對於智慧財產法的制度與解釋適用,提出許多深刻的問題與具有建設性的意見,值得關心智慧財產領域的人共同省思。
 
臺大法律學院教授
歐盟莫內智慧財產法講座教授
謝銘洋
2018年10月2日

Recommendation

  Judging is hard work. So is academic research (when it’s done right). Anyone who gains the reputation of a well-prepared judge has put in some serious time mastering the relevant legal principles, as well as poring over the record in a given case. Likewise, someone who produces high-quality scholarship has to keep up with general trends in her field, and then research and write in depth on specific topics. When someone does either of these tasks well, we call them a success. When someone does both, we go further: we celebrate the presence of a rare superstar.

  Judge Hsiung is just such a figure. With her first book, one could see the result of hard work and diligence. But that book grew out of Judge Hsiung’s graduate school research. (I should know: I supervised her thesis.) It took determination to turn a thesis into a book, while serving as a sitting judge. But the research, and a good part of the writing, was done as a full time student.

  Now with her second book, the good Judge has ascended into superstar territory. The articles gathered in this book all come from research and writing undertaken after graduate school. This is the work of someone with a full-time, demanding job. (Two jobs, if you count being a mother in the mix.) It is the result of perseverance, commitment, and a deep interest in her field. When you read this book you are reading the work of someone who really wants to keep learning and developing her ideas, and to share them with others in her field. Many a judge and lawyer are occasional visitors to the world of scholarship. But Judge Hsiung is a full-time resident. She has a seriousness of purpose and a steady level of interest. I would not at this point know how to describe her: Judge-Scholar? Scholar-Judge? Let’s just skip over that debate and return to a label I used before: superstar.

  Half the articles in this book are on patent-related issues; half on copyright. This shows an impressive range. There is enough complexity and detail in each field that most who study them specialize in one or the other. But I have myself crossed back and forth between them at times. I believe there is a lot of similarity in the basic structure of the two fields. And I believe the fundamental policy debates in both are similar to each other. Again, though, it takes commitment to stay on top of both. Judge Hsiung shows in this book she is up to the task.

  Another facet of the book – reflected in the title – is that it treats copyrights and patents as fields that exist at the crossroads of public and private law. Practicing lawyers and even law students may find it unremarkableto treat these topics that way. After all, both sets of rights are rooted in a complex statute. Patents are issued (and sometimes revoked) by a government agency. And infringement cases in both fields are brought to the courts for resolution.

  All true enough, but consider this: scholars are divided on how best to classify copyrights and patents. They often resist the “hybrid” label, insisting on one or the other: they are either regulatory instruments, creatures of public law; or private property, and thus pure private rights.

  Judge Hsiung knows better. In industry, copyrights and patents are almost always considered property rights. They are issued by the state, but post-issuance, they can be licensed, sold, pledged as collateral for a loan, and included as corporate assets for purposes of investments, acquisitions, and the like. They are issued by governments, but then they become assets around which private parties structure all sorts of deals. It takes an experienced hand both to see the private law side of these rights, and to appreciate why it matters. Courts in intellectual property cases serve two distinct functions. They review the work of administrative agencies (patent and copyright offices, and trademarks too). But they also referee disputes between private actors who have structured their actions around one or more of these rights. A good intellectual property judge understands the dual nature of these rights, and brings equal sophistication to both sides of the ledger. With her work in court, and the Essays in this book, you can see that Judge Hsiung has attained that understanding. And she puts it to good work. Scholars in the field: take note!

  One of the great pleasures of being a Professor is to follow the careers of students after they leave the university. Not everyone takes the same path. Private practice and in-house work are demanding and can bring great satisfaction, putting expertise to practical use and contributing to the goals of clients and in-house teams. But when one of your students – by hard work and passion for the field – exceeds all expectations by excelling at two difficult jobs, that is a very special feeling. You who have seen Judge Hsiung preside in court, or who have the good fortune to read this book, are fortunate indeed. You are in the presence of a rare person – a Dual Master, you might say. I hope you appreciate that presence as much as I do.

Robert P. Merges
UC Berkeley

自序

雲端上之智慧財產權


  當公法遇上私法系列之第一本論文集──台灣智慧財產訴訟制度之今昔,出版迄今已逾7年,承蒙各界肯定,書早已售罄,元照出版公司也早在2014年即規劃出版第二本論文集,即當公法遇上私法Ⅱ──雲端上之智慧財產權,但因審判工作考慮甚多,遲遲未能定稿。一個月前巧遇元照出版公司紀總經理,竟還掛念此事,隨即請編輯與我聯絡,督促著我,才有這本論文集的誕生,也重刷了第一本論文集,即當公法遇上私法Ⅰ──台灣智慧財產訴訟制度之今昔。

  本論文集包括幾年前在各期刊雜誌所刊登過的文章,雖然現在出版距離刊登已有相當時間,但仍代表著我對智慧財產權特別是著作權及專利權相關議題的看法。其中與著作權有關的文章,更是針對智慧財產法院102年度刑智上訴字第88號違反著作權法案件聲請大法官解釋的動力,相關解釋理由書已經智慧財產法院裁定公開,且在司法院法學資料檢索系統可以查閱。

  另外,與專利權有關的文章,則係有關專利濫用、通常知識者及手段功能用語的討論,當然更少不了最令人關心之與專利訴訟制度相關的文章,特別是與建立金字塔之智慧財產訴訟制度有關之論文「分久必合,合久必分──台灣智慧財產訴訟新制之檢討與展望」。2011年奉司法院選派參加在歐洲舉辦的國際智慧財產法官會議時,意識到了國際專利司法競爭的趨勢,遂寫了「從瑞士聯邦專利法院之成立看國際專利司法競爭」一文。而由於雲端技術之茁壯發展,如今觀之,與國際貿易息息相關的商事及智慧財產訴訟均有此趨勢,對於以智慧財產立國的台灣而言,如何因應,不可不慎!

  最後,附上一篇2009年在日本大阪關西大學舉辦「Judicature and Minority」(司法與少數族群)國際會議上所提出之關於台灣原住民智慧創作保護法之英文報告。有趣的是,本篇是基於中文論文「變調的涼山情歌──解開衍生著作的緊箍咒」改寫而成的,事實案例同一,但討論議題不同,也算是一種新的嘗試。正逢台灣智慧財產法院成立十周年,期待舊雨新知,繼續批評指教!

  值此台灣智慧財產法院成立十周年之際,謹以此書配合第一本論文集的再刷,紀念自己為智慧財產審判所付出的心力。這十年來,從參與智慧財產法院的創設到看著法院的發展,難免偶有踽踽獨行之寂寞,但審判經驗需要時間及案件的累積,我何其有幸,十年來不間斷地從案件中學習,對智慧財產審判的熱愛不減當年,且越加浸淫其中而不斷有所領會,回首來時路,步步都是感恩,感謝曾經同行之人,包括法院同仁、曾經上過我的課、聽過我演講的人、甚至是當事人及訴訟代理人,因為你們讓我更加熱愛智慧財產,也因為你們讓我有勇氣及力量在智慧財產審判的道路上繼續前行。
 
熊誦梅
2018年11月1日
 

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