但是Keats這首<秋頌>卻能做到結合力與美的要求、接近音樂的完美性,不只是good art、great art 甚至是ideal art(理想的藝術)。本詩的偉大之處除了在於建構了秋天的重要形象之外,還成功消弭了文字與音樂性之間的界線,將形式與內容兩者合而為一。接下來就讓我們來細細品味此詩:
英詩解讀:
Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness白霧與果實甘美的季節 Close bosom-friend of the maturing sun與其知己–醇熟的太陽–共籌, Conspiring with him how to load and bless該如何將果實託付、賜予 With fruit the vines that round the thatch-eaves run;攀登茅草屋檐的葡萄藤; To bend with apples the moss’d cottage-trees,讓青苔村樹垂掛蘋果而彎曲, And fill all fruit with ripeness to the core;香熟穿透果實,直至果心; To swell the gourd, and plump the hazel shells如何飽滿瓜果,以香甜的果仁 With a sweet kernel; to set budding more,鼓脹榛果的外殼;如何滋長花苞, And still more, later flowers for the bees,綻為晚秋花蕊,好讓蜂群 Until they think warm days will never cease,誤以為溫煦之日永無終止, For Summer has o’er-brimm’d their clammy cells.夏日已滿溢了滑膩的蜂巢。
Who hath not seen thee oft amid thy store?誰不頻頻見你處於你的豐碩中? Sometimes whoever seeks abroad may find有時,遠望探尋之人倏見 Thee sitting careless on a granary floor, 你無慮地席坐穀場地上, Thy hair soft-lifted by the winnowing wind;你的髮輕揚於簸穀的風; Or on a half-reap’d furrow sound asleep,或者,熟眠於收割未竟的犁溝, Drows’d with the fume of poppies, while thy hook沉薰於罌粟的香氣,你的鐮刀 Spares the next swath and all its twined flowers:暫歇了揮舞,暫留了花蕊交錯: And sometimes like a gleaner thou dost keep時而,以拾穗者之姿,你於溪畔 Steady thy laden head across a brook;果實纍纍地穩穩垂頭; Or by a cider-press, with patient look,或於榨果架旁,一鐘點又一鐘點地 Thou watchest the last oozings hours by hours.耐心凝望最後一滴汁液徐徐滲流
Where are the songs of Spring? Ay, where are they?春曲如今何去?啊,何去? Think not of them, thou hast thy music too,-無需牽掛,你亦有自己的樂曲,– While barred clouds bloom the soft-dying day,當抽絲雲彩使緩逝之日嫣然綻放, And touch the stubble-plains with rosy hue;並以玫瑰花澤輕觸輕覆田野殘樁; Then in a wailful choir the small gnats mourn小小蚊蚋齊聲哀鳴的輓歌 Among the river sallows, borne aloft迴繞於河畔柳黃,或抑或揚, Or sinking as the light wind lives or dies;伴隨著輕風復生或逝止; And full-grown lambs loud bleat from hilly bourn;山丘上肥碩羔羊的咩叫喧亮; Hedge-crickets sing; and now with treble soft蟋蟀低吟於樹籬,而此刻, The red-breast whistles from a garden-croft;紅胸鳥於花園綠茵哨鳴; And gathering swallows twitter in the skies.成列的飛燕呢喃於天際。
Keats一生共創作了不少有名的odes例如“Ode to a Nightingale”、“Ode on a Grecian Urn”、“Ode on Melancholy”等等。這些頌體大抵都是十行,而本詩是Keats數首odes裡唯一每段有11行的例外。這多出來的一行呼應了秋天果實累累、滿載豐收這種盈餘的意象。
第一句話說秋天是含霧的季節且有著成熟果實(Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness),而秋也是成熟太陽(the maturing sun)的知己,一開頭詩人就讓我們看到生動的畫面,秋天金黃色的意象伴隨著黃澄澄的太陽躍於眼前。接下來以擬人的手法形容秋天與成熟太陽兩人一起共謀著如何以豐碩果實,爬滿屋簷的葡萄藤,樹枝因載滿蘋果而垂枝,然後讓果實熟透心、瓜果飽滿、花苞滋長,好給蜂群誤以為這溫暖永不終止。