Fairness and Crime: A Theory

Criminology, the discipline that informs our understanding of crime and justice, is facing an identity crisis. Long dominated by sociology’s view of crime and its causes, criminology has recently witnessed the rise of a new cadre of academics who feel free to explore other explanations. Fairness and Crime: A Theory offers a comprehensive new perspective on criminal behavior that will reinvigorate the field and help us understand why we consider some acts criminal as well as why and how society should respond to those acts.

In this book, Mark S. Davis connects the challenges of understanding crime and administering justice to common norms that guide behavior in everyday life. He contends that the exchanges society defines as criminal work basically the way all other exchanges, and when offenders rob banks, bilk investors, or fabricate scientific data, they engage in a violation of fairness norms. Davis offers a theory that is informed by insights from game theory research, anthropology, law, industrial/organizational psychology, personality/social psychology, and sociology. He utilizes examples drawn from everyday life to illustrate the theory’s concepts in detail.

Fairness and Crime: A Theory provides a platform from which to explore the purposes of the criminal justice system. What are we trying to accomplish when we prosecute criminal suspects? While one answer is that we are trying to vindicate the moral order and deter future offending, another is that we are attempting to restore equity for victims caused by offenders’ exploitative or retaliatory behavior. Davis contends that addressing unfairness is what the criminal justice system should be about. In rehabilitation, we should be trying to inculcate fairness norms where they are absent or where they have been compromised.

Mark S. Davis is a social scientist whose interests include self- and other-directed violence, research misconduct, criminological theory and criminal justice policy. His scholarship has appeared in such journals as the Journal of Research on Adolescence, Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Journal of Criminal Justice, and Science and Engineering Ethics. He is the author of The Concise Dictionary of Crime and Justice, 2nd Edition and The Role of State Agencies in Translational Criminology: Connecting Research to Policy, and coauthor (with Bonnie Berry) of Routledge’s Scholarly Crimes and Misdemeanors: Violations of Fairness and Trust in the Academic World. Mark holds a PhD in sociology from The Ohio State University.