Live互動英語[有聲版]：【生活、實用】讓你輕鬆開口說英語 2023年12月號第272期 (電子雜誌)

Seal or Sea Lion? What’s the Difference?
海豹與海獅有什麼不一樣？
It loves lying in the sun like a house cat, and it’s got the face of an innocent puppy dog. But is it a seal or a sea lion? Even though we often refer to both animals as seals, these marine mammals are quite different from each other.
Seals and sea lions both belong to a group called pinnipeds, a term that comes from the Latin for “fin-footed.” In general, sea lions are bigger than seals, but looking at the animal’s size is not always the most reliable way to spot the difference. In fact, the easiest way is to look at the ears. A seal has no external ears, but instead has two holes on the sides of its head. Sea lions, on the other hand, have clearly visible ear flaps.
In addition, seals prefer to be alone. They are also quiet and typically make low, soft noises. Sea lions, however, are very social and can usually be found in large groups, in which they love to play and bark loudly to communicate.
牠像家貓一樣喜歡躺在陽光下，而且牠有一張無辜小狗的臉。但牠到底是海豹還是海獅呢？雖然我們經常把這兩種動物都稱為海豹，但這些海洋哺乳類動物彼此卻大不相同。
海豹和海獅都屬於鰭足類動物，這個術語來自拉丁文，意為「有鰭足的」。一般來說，海獅比海豹大，但觀看動物的體型並不一定是看出差異的最可靠方法。事實上，最簡單的方法是看耳朵。海豹沒有外耳，而是在頭的兩側有兩個耳洞。另一方面，海獅有明顯可見的耳廓。
此外，海豹比較喜歡獨處。牠們也很安靜，且通常會發出低沉柔和的聲音。然而，海獅非常善於社交且常成群在一起，牠們在群體中喜歡玩耍和大聲叫喊來進行交流。

Seals and sea lions are both great swimmers and hunters, but the way the two pinnipeds swim is quite different. Seals use their smaller front flippers to steer while they push themselves through the water with their strong back flippers. For sea lions, it is the other way around. Since their front flippers are stronger, they use these to move and their back ones to steer. 
Sea lions also have back flippers that can rotate forward, so they are able to walk on land. Closely related to the sea lion is the fur seal, which also has this ability. True seals, however, don’t have this advantage, and they’re left to wiggle their way around when they’re out of water. 
There are 33 types of pinnipeds globally, and they are found on every continent on Earth. The next time you see one in a zoo or aquarium, remember: seals have no ears, while sea lions have ears you can see. Put simply, if it’s unclear, check the ears!
海豹和海獅都擅長游泳和捕獵，但這兩種鰭足類動物的游泳方式卻大不相同。海豹利用較小的前鰭來控制方向，同時用強壯的後鰭來推動自己在水中前進。對於海獅而言，情況剛好相反。因為牠們的前鰭較為強壯，所以牠們用前鰭移動、用後鰭控制方向。
海獅還有可以向前旋轉的後鰭，所以牠們能在陸地上行走。與海獅親緣相近的是海狗，牠們也有這種能力。然而，海豹就沒有這項優勢，當牠們離開水面時，就只能扭動身體來移動。
全球有三十三種鰭足類動物，並分布在地球各大洲。下次你在動物園或水族館看到時，記住：海豹沒有耳朵，而海獅則有能看見的耳朵。簡言之：如果不確定的話，就看耳朵吧！ 

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